Diagnostic Pathology
Pathologists perform pathological examinations of biopsy and surgical specimens. The diagnostic results are crucial for determining the treatment plan for patients. In intraoperative frozen section diagnosis, surgical strategies are decided based on these results. Additionally, there is a certification system for pathologists accredited by the Japanese Society of Pathology.
Anatomical Pathology
Despite advancements in diagnostic imaging using CT, MRI, and ultrasound, the amount of information obtained from autopsies far exceeds that from imaging techniques and remains indispensable for medical progress. Pathologists are responsible not only for identifying the causes of death and disease progression but also for verifying whether appropriate medical care has been provided, serving as observers between patients and attending physicians.
Cytopathology
Cytopathology has become increasingly prevalent as a quasi-pathological examination. In many cases, final diagnoses are made without conducting pathological examinations, highlighting the significance and responsibility associated with this examination. There is a certification system for cytopathology instructors accredited by the Japanese Society of Clinical Cytology.
Clinical Laboratory Testing
Clinical laboratory testing, such as blood tests and biochemical analyses, is essential in modern healthcare. Many hospital laboratory departments are headed by directors or chiefs, often concurrently held by pathologists. Therefore, hospital pathologists are not only involved in pathological testing but also oversee and manage clinical laboratory testing as a whole. There is a certification system for clinical laboratory physicians accredited by the Japanese Society of Laboratory Medicine.
Research
Medical research is conducted not only in university laboratories but also in hospitals of various sizes.